A. social inequality As a result of successive potato famines that produced widespread starvation, 1.5 million people migrated to the United States from ______ in the nineteenth century and settled mostly in ______ areas. Taylor, S. E., Fiske, S. T., Etcoff, N. L., & Ruderman, A. J. d. ethnic groups exist separately and share equally in economic and political life. All of the following statements concerning the Social Security system are correct EXCEPT: The Social Security retirement benefit is payable at normal retirement age with reduced benefits available as early as age 59 , to anyone who has obtained at least . There are several pairs of terms for females and males that have the same objective meaning The spending pattern of most elderly retirees shows an average decline in outflow during the latter part of retirement O Analysis of Social Security shows that a. Puerto Rico For instance, the stereotypes (which are held by many people) that women are nurturing and that men are dominant may occur in part because, on average, men and women find themselves in different social roles within a culture (Eagly & Steffen, 1984). a. there are no differences in the way parents view their newborn daughters and sons. a. a) Secondary research can be organized in-house or via a research agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(1), 2136. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 819833. For most of the period of European expansion, Europeans believed themselves to be superior to the people they colonized and conquered. c. teachers and fathers were a frequent source of discouraging remarks about girls' academic Johns, M., Schmader, T., & Martens, A. Calibrating prejudice in milliseconds. c. Both of the above Macrae, C. N., Bodenhausen, G. V., Milne, A. The most popular reaction-time implicit measure of prejudicethe Implicit Association Test (IAT)is frequently used to assess stereotypes and prejudice (Nosek, Greenwald, & Banaji, 2007). Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2003). c. Although adults apply gender stereotypes to children, these stereotypes are different from the 2 He made a dispositional attribution. d. a and b, Older women who appear on TV are often depicted: b. African Americans 15. c. across countries, men showed stronger hostile sexism than women did. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct?broward summer school schedule. a. imply women are weak. b. Hispanic men d. Hispanics, Which group of Americans has the lowest median household income? San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic Press. The nature of prejudice. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. a. Racism is no longer a significant problem for Blacks. Stereotyping is problematic when the stereotypes we hold about a social group are inaccurate overall, and particularly when they do not apply to the individual who is being judged (Stangor, 1995). Thinking in terms of fixed and inflexible categories, such as believing that all French people like to wear striped shirts, is best described as The Integrity survey includes statements . Gender stereotyping research that focused on social class has found that: Feelings of hostility or anger directed against objects that are not the real origin of those anxieties is called Once we believe that men make better leaders than women, we tend to behave toward men in ways that makes it easier for them to lead. Both PERT and CPM require that network tasks have unchanging durations. Which statement is the BEST explanation of the fundamental attribution error? 24; 12 Psychological Science, 14(3), 287290. The Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended (``EPCA''), prescribes energy conservation standards for various consumer products and certain commercial and industrial equipment, including residential clothes washers (``RCWs''). Social categorization occurs when we think of someone as a man (versus a woman), an old person (versus a young person), a Black person (versus an Asian or White person), and so on (Allport, 1954/1979). x+31=2(x32)6x. d. honesty is one trait more strongly associated with working-class than middle-class women. The conclusion is simple, if perhaps obvious: Social categorization is occurring all around us all the time. Order. Because men are more likely to be leaders than are women, they may well be, on average, more dominant; and because women are more likely to take care of children, they may, on average, act in a more nurturing way than do men. b. prejudice In K. R. Wenzel & A. Wigfield (Eds. 15 pages. 3989). b. I used this code when statements . b. b. serve to justify and maintain patriarchal social structures. d. a and b, Which of the following statements about the differential treatment of females and males in On the other hand, sometimes these beliefs are negative, and they create negative self-fulfilling prophecies such that we perform more poorly just because of our knowledge about the stereotypes. True B. In these situations, there is a discrepancy between our positive concept of our skills and abilities and the negative stereotypes suggesting poor performance. 1. the standards and values of dominant groups 2. various groups' power within society 3. the standards and values of subordinate groups 4. social interaction The standards and values of dominant groups, various groups' power within society, and social interaction 1 The task difficulty was increased. Influence of impression-management goals on the emerging content of group stereotypes: Support for a social-evolutionary perspective. Ethan is a white man who has Scottish ancestry and wore a kilt to his wedding. Stereotype threat is not, however, absolutewe can get past it if we try. Review the ways that stereotypes influence our behavior. A. acting with prejudice a. racism a. Alleviating womens mathematics stereotype threat through salience of group achievements. b. Germany; urban women. At a 0.11%0.11 \%0.11% rate of interest, what is the amount of money U.S. taxpayers are losing per year because of these $45\$ 45$45 million in counterfeit notes? Stereotype lift. significance level. Social judgeability: The impact of meta-informational cues on the use of stereotypes. The tendency to categorize others is normally quite useful. d. 26 percent; 18 percent. c. economic factors Race in the making: Cognition, culture and the childs construction of human kinds. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62(2), 207218. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? Claude Steele and Joshua Aronson (1995) tested the hypothesis that these differences might be due to the activation of negative stereotypes. \hline \boldsymbol{y}_i & 3 & 7 & 5 & 11 & 14 d. Authoritarianism reflects patterns of thought in general as well as the values and norms of particular subcultures within the wider society. But when the images are arranged such that the women and the strong categories are on the same side, whereas the men and the weak categories are on the other side, most participants make more errors and respond more slowly. b. Social perception and interpersonal behavior: On the self-fulfilling nature of social stereotypes. In these procedures, participants are asked to make a series of judgments about pictures or descriptions of social groups and then to answer questions as quickly as they can, but without making mistakes. a) Data classification and application categorization is the same. a. German Americans Race and ethnicity shape internal and external perceptions of a group. This statement best reflects: Following the social norm made one more popular. In Handbook of motivation and cognition: The interpersonal context (Vol. c. "Throughout history mankind has been plagued by disease." Aronson, J., Lustina, M. J., Good, C., Keough, K., & Steele, C. M. (1999). d. It outlawed the racial segregation of lunch counters and other public places. c. Although feminists might find it objectionable, the use of male pronouns to refer to females Southern European Americans In support of this hypothesis, Steele and Aronsons research revealed that Black college students performed worse (in comparison with their prior test scores) on math questions taken from the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) when the test was described to them as being diagnostic of their mathematical ability (and thus when the stereotype was relevant) but that their performance was not influenced when the same questions were framed as an exercise in problem solving. And in another study, Steele and Aronson found that when Black students were asked to indicate their race before they took a math test (again activating the stereotype), they performed more poorly than they had on prior exams, whereas the scores of White students were not affected by first indicating their race. c. Africa. b. discriminating. A) The more complex the category, the more susceptible it is to illusion of the expert. Of course, using social categories will only be informative to the extent that the stereotypes held by the individual about that category are accurate. b. prejudice Marissa is interviewing a woman who has come in for help with her bills and job-readiness training. Neither individual could move the couch separately, but together, they will be able to move it. B) Social categorization can lead to unconscious stereotyping and prejudices. Out of mind but back in sight: Stereotypes on the rebound. Stereotypes are frequently expressed on TV, in movies, and in chat rooms and blogs, and we learn a lot of our beliefs from these sources. a. intelligence C. It forms the anterior boundary of the interventricular . I start with some of the early challenges to the widely-employed philosophical method of casesthe very challenges that originally prompted the new movement of experimental philosophyand with some fundamental questions about the method that are yet to have been given satisfying answers. Although either individual could afford to purchase a generator individually, they agree to split the cost of a generator because they love fish more than they dislike each other. c. The availability of social support decreases our ability to cope successfully with change. b. D. slow. Trope, Y., & Thompson, E. (1997). 1 It occurs without conscious awareness. Patricia Linville and Edward Jones (1980) gave research participants a list of trait terms and asked them to think about either members of their own group (e.g., Blacks) or members of another group (e.g., Whites) and to place the trait terms into piles that represented different types of people in the group. d. institutional racism. b. women under age 35; women over age 35 Which statement is most consistent with the textbook's conclusions about race? Controlling urges and selecting the appropriate response are b. Black drivers are more than twice as likely as white drivers to be searched during a vehicle stop (even after controlling for variables such as the reason the car was stopped), but they are found in possession of contraband 26 percent less often than white drivers. 12.1 Social Categorization and Stereotyping Learning Objectives Describe the fundamental process of social categorization and its influence on thoughts, feelings, and behavior. c. animal and food terms to refer to females. d. a, b, and c, There is a greater underrepresentation of ____________ than ___________ in movies and a. whites Thinking about others in terms of their group memberships is known as social categorizationthe natural cognitive process by which we place individuals into social groups. Although the meaning of the IAT has been debated (Tetlock & Mitchell, 2008), research using implicit measures does suggest thatwhether we know it or not, and even though we may try to control them when we canour stereotypes and prejudices are easily activated when we see members of different social categories (Barden, Maddux, Petty, & Brewer, 2004). Mexicans in cities like Los Angeles and San Antonio end up living in segregated, high-poverty communities in which institutions, such as schools, have inferior resources and foster low expectations of their students; this situation may facilitate the categorization of Mexicans as a race.

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